English Language Anxiety in Higher Education: A Case Study of Spanish Students

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.24445

Keywords:

language anxiety, English as a Foreign language, Francophone, Cameroon

Abstract

This article examines the anxiety of French-speaking students in the Spanish Department at the University of Yaoundé I (Cameroon) while learning English. We used quantitative and qualitative methods. The theoretical framework adopted for this study is the Affective Filter Hypothesis developed by Krashen (2009). The results showed that anxiety is a barrier that negatively affects the learning of English by French-speaking students. Several factors were found to be at the root of this anxiety: language typology, language level, the influence of French, personality, the reactions of others, and beliefs. We also found that students were anxious about learning Spanish, but this anxiety affected them positively. The paper suggests that learners should be in permanent contact with the English language, teachers and students should develop language tolerance by focusing on the message, not the language form, and teachers should include digital technologies to lower anxiety.

Author Biographies

  • Sokeng Piewo Stéphane Céleste, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon
    Sokeng Piewo Stéphane Céleste is an English lecturer in the Faculty of Arts, Letters, and Social Sciences at the University of Yaounde I, Cameroon. She has nine years of experience teaching English to Francophones in higher education. Her research interests include language teaching and learning, digital learning, and error analysis.
  • Manfred Njolaï Nsirim, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon

    Manfred Njolaï Nsirim is a PhD student at the University of Yaounde I, Cameroon. He is also a secondary school teacher, and his areas of interest are Psycholinguistics, language teaching, and learning.

References

ALGhazo, A. (2023). The Effect of Self Esteem and Language Anxiety on Learning English as a Foreign Language. International Journal of English Language Education, 11(1), 93–110. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijele.v11i1.20771

Al-Khasawneh, F. M, (2016). Investigating foreign language anxiety: A case study of EFL learners. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 12(1), 137-148.

Atechi, S. (2015). English and French in Cameroon today: Revisiting a previous statement. International Journal of Language Studies, 9(1), 75–90.

Bensalem, E. (2017). Foreign language learning anxiety: The case of trilinguals. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 8(1), 234-249.

Boakye, N. (2016). Investigating students’ beliefs about language learning. Per Linguam 23(2),1-14.

Brown, D. H. (2007). Principles of language learning and teaching. Available at: https://gustavorubinoernesto.com Accessed on the 6th October 2024.

Carrier, J. G. (1999). People who can be friends: Selves and social relationships. In S. Bell & S. Coleman (Eds.), The anthropology of friendship, 21–38, New York: Berg.

Cheng, Y. S. (2002). Factors associated with foreign language anxiety. Foreign Language Annals, 35, 647–656.

Cook, V. (2001). Second language learning and teaching. London: Arnold.

Crystal, D. (2009). English as a global language (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Cubukcu, F. (2007). Foreign language anxiety. Iranian Journal of Language Studies, 1(2), 133–142.

Dewaele, J. (2002). Psychological and socio-demographic correlates of communicative anxiety L2 and L3 production. International Journal of Bilingualism, 6(1), 23–38.

Dinh, A. D., & Pham, N. M. C. (2024). A Qualitative Study into How Non English Major Students Emotionally Respond to the Teacher-Written Feedback. International Journal of TESOL and Education, 4(3), 62-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.24434

Dusek, J. B. (1980). The development of test anxiety in children. In I. G. Sarason (Ed.), Test anxiety: Theory, research, and applications, 81–110. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Fattahi Marnani, P., & Cuocci, S. (2022). Foreign Language Anxiety: A Review on Theories, Causes, Consequences and Implications for Educators. Journal of English Learner Education, (14)2, 1-29.

Fonka, H. M. (2014). Decline in spoken English on Anglophone campuses in the Francophone Regions in Cameroon. International Journal of English Language & Translation Studies, 2(2), 11–22.

Gass, S. M., & Selinker, L. (1994). Second language acquisition: An introductory course. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Giles, H., Bourhis, R.Y. & Taylor, D.M. (1977). Towards a theory of language in ethnic group relations. In H. Giles (Ed.). Language Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations. 307–348, London, UK: Academic Press.

Giles, H., Edwards, A. L. & Walter, J. B. (2023). Communication accommodation theory: passed accomplishments, current trends, and future prospects. Available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2023.101571. Accessed on the 28th July 2024.

Goñi-Osácar, E. & Lafuente-Millán, E. (2022). Sources of Foreign Language Anxiety in the Student-teachers’ English Classrooms: A Case Study in a Spanish University. RAEL: Revista Electrónica de Lingüística Aplicada, 20(1), 155-176.

Hashemi, M. (2011). Language stress and anxiety among English language learners. Elsevier-Procedia social and behaviour al sciences, 8011-1816.

Hashemi, M. & Abbasi, M. (2013). The role of the teacher in alleviating anxiety in language classes. In: International Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 4(3), 640–646.

Hayuningtyas, N. (2022). I am speaking anxiety in the English foreign language classroom. Available at: https://Ipm.uinkhas.ac.id. Accessed on 9th January 2023.

Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 70 (2), 125-132. Jackson, J. (2002). Reticence in second language case discussions: Anxiety and aspirations. System, 30(1), 65–84.

Jackson, J. (2002). Reticence in second language case discussions: Anxiety and aspirations. System, 30(1), 65–84.

Jarvis, S. (2007). Theoretical and methodological issues in the investigation of conceptual transfer. Vigo International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4, 43-72.

Jones, J. (2004). A cultural context for language anxiety. English Australia Journal, 21(2), 30–39.

Kouega, J.P. (2002). Uses of English in Southern British Cameroons. English World- Wide, 23(1). John Benjamins Publishing Company, 93–113.

Kralova Z. & Petrova, G. (2017). Causes and consequences of foreign language anxiety. XLinguae Journal, 10(3), 110-122.

Krashen, S. D. (2009 [1982]). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press. First internet edition. Available on https://www.sdkrashen.com/content/books/principles_and_practice.pdf

Krashen, S, D. (1985). The input hypothesis: Issues and Implications. New York: Longman.

Liu, M. & Huang, W. (2011). An exploration of foreign language anxiety and English learning motivation. Available at: https://www.researchGate.net. Accessed on the 6th October 2024.

Loan, T. T. (2022). An investigation into the causes of students’ anxiety in learning speaking skills. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 2(3), 183-196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.222312

MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). Language anxiety: A review of the research for language teachers. In Dolly J. Young (Ed.). Affect in foreign language and second language learning: A practical guide to creating a low-anxiety classroom atmosphere, 24–45, Boston: McGraw-Hill College.

Makodamayanti, S., Nirmala, D., & Kepirianto, C. (2020). The use of digital media as a strategy for lowering anxiety in learning English as a foreign language. Culturalistics: Journal of Cultural, Literary, and Linguistic Studies, 4(1), 22-26.

Mao, Y. (2023). The Effects of Foreign Language Anxiety and Countermeasures. In B. Majoul et al. (Eds.), ICLAHD 2022, ASSEHR 726, 773–780. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-97-8_98.

Mehmet, A. S. (2020). Motivation in language learning and teaching. African Educational Research Journal, 8(2), 62-71.

Nguyen, T. H. H., Ho, T. N., Do, T. M. D., & Pham, T. T. T. (2024). Factors Affecting Learner Autonomy in EMI Studying of English-Major Students at some Economics Universities in Hanoi, Vietnam. International Journal of Language Instruction, 3(3), 36-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.24333

Pica, T. (1987). Second language acquisition, social interaction, and the classroom. Applied Linguistics, 8(1), 3–21.

Robert, J. M. (2004). Proximité linguistique et pédagogie des langues maternelles. Available at https: //www.cairn.info/revue-ela-2004-4-page-499.htm. Accessed on the 9th January 9, 2023.

Raamkhumar, M. H., Kumar, S.S. & Dinesh, V.J.P. (2024). Personality traits and language learning: A scientific approach to intellectual structure and influential constituents. Availabled at http://e-journal.usd.ac.id/index.php/LLT. Accessed on the 28th July 2024.

Samimy, K. K. & Rardin, J. P. (1994). Adult language learners' affective reactions to community Language learning: A descriptive study. Foreign Language Annals, 27, 379-390.

Schutz, E. Ricardo. (2019). Stephen Krashen’s theory of second language acquisition. Retrieved on April 25. 2021, from https:www.sk.com

Spark, R. L., & Ganschow, L. (1991). Foreign language learning differences: Affective or native language aptitude. The Modern Language Journal, 75(2), 3-16.

Sadiq, M (2017). Anxiety in English language learning: A case study of English language learners in Saudi Arabia. English Language Teaching; 10(7), 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n7p1

Sedikides, C. & Gress, A. P. (2003). Portraits of the self. In M. A. Hogg and J. Cooper (Eds), Sage handbook of social psychology (pp.110-138). London: Sage.

Tanveer, M. (2007). Investigation of the factors that cause language anxiety for ESL/ EFL learners in learning speaking skills and the influence it casts on communication in the target language. Unpublished master’s thesis: University of Glasgow, UK.

Tridinanti, G. (2018). The correlation between speaking anxiety, self-confidence, and speaking achievement of undergraduate EFL students of Private University in Palembang. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 6(4), 35-39.

Tumasang, S. S. (2021). How Fear Affects EFL Acquisition: The Case of “Terminale” Students in Cameroon. Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 3(4), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2021.3.4.9

Yang, S. & Zhao, Y. (2017). The roles of interlocutor in Second language acquisition. Available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Accessed on the 29th July 29, 2024.

Young, D. J. (1991). Creating a low-anxiety classroom environment: What does language anxiety research suggest? The Modern Language Journal, 75(4), 426–439.

Ze Amvela, E. (1999). English and French in Cameroon: A study in language maintenance and Shift. In G. Echu & W. A. Grundstrom (Eds.), Official bilingualism and linguistic communication in Cameroon. 189-201, New York: Peter Lang.

Downloads

Published

22-10-2024

Issue

Section

Research Article

How to Cite

Céleste, S. P. S., & Nsirim, M. N. (2024). English Language Anxiety in Higher Education: A Case Study of Spanish Students. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 4(4), 81-96. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.24445

Similar Articles

91-100 of 150

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.